Frankenstein Essays

Frankenstein Essays Frankenstein Essay Frankenstein Essay ‘Victor Frankenstein is justly punished for his blatant interference in the natural process of life. It is a clear case of science and ethical responsibility being abused To what extent do you agree with this assertion? Support with close textual reference Frankenstein’s instinctual lust for knowledge and mechanical love for the human anatomy drives his interference in the natural process of life. This interference is harshly ramified within Shelley’s novel through specific characterisations and reference. Frankensteins clear defiance and interference in the natural mechanics was a case of science and ethical responsibility being abused. Shelley’s explicit writing style and emphasis on the consequences which Frankenstein faced, highlights her ideas and concerns about the instinctive line separating science and ethical responsibility. â€Å"How can I describe my emotions at this catastrophe, or how delineate the wretch whom with such infinite pains and care I had endeavored to perform? † Frankenstein’s ambitious and hypnotised state of mind leads him to the creation of his ‘monster’. His efforts, however, are undercut by his creations grotesque appearance. Frankensteins monster was not a product of collaborative scientific effort but of dark, supernatural workings. The appearance of the monster and ultimate rejection by Frankenstein emphasises Shelley’s concerns about the extent of where science can go before it’s considered unethical or immoral. Frankenstein changes over the course of the novel from an innocent youth fascinated by the prospects of science, into a disillusioned, guilt-ridden man determined to destroy the fruits of his arrogant scientific endeavor. : In creating a being, Frankenstein was aware that the outcome of this beings physce or appearance could not be articulated or formulated. Shelley emphasises Natures inability to be formulated and it’s essence of beauty and tranquility and juxtaposes this with the ugliness of the Monsters physical appearance. â€Å"The cup of life was poisoned forever† This powerful analogy distinctively relates to this permanent change once structure has been interrupted. The soul binding effect on Creator and Creation is embedded within the underlying text of the novel and is at the forefront of its meaning. Once Frankenstein created this living entity he has an instinctive connection to it. The way in which Frankenstein rejected his creation and unremorseful in his allegations of its being amplified Frankenstein’s disappointment of his work. The cup being poisoned forever relates to the burden in which his creation has not only on Frankensteins life, but the natural voice of humanity. His creation doesn’t only provide inconvenience and suffering to his life, but ultimately this knowledge and creation could affect the mechanics of humanity’s progression. I am alone and miserable; man will not associate with me Frankenstein’s monster is ultimately burdened with his grotesque appearance due to his creator’s flaws. Frankenstein not only has felt the burden of his creation but the monster himself has been alienated and isolated from humanity. Frankensteins interruption of the natural processes of life has not only affected him, but ultimately his creation. Frankenstein’s monster feels worthless due to his physical appearance, which really doesn’t bring to justice his natural benevolence and child-like curiosity within his workings. William, Justine, and Henry-they all died by my hands. Frankensteins eventual ultimatum that he had caused the death of his loved ones provides another shift of physce within his character. His emotionless and lobotomised state of mind has driven his character to this obsession of knowledge and natural process. The death of his family is a metaphor for a greater idea of Shelleyâ₠¬â„¢s. Frankensteins journey was ramified by numerous consequences, fatality, morbidity and ultimately his death. Retrospectively, this is only on small scale compared to the progressing image of this ethical responsibility and science dispute, which was coming to light in the 19th Century. Shelley presents devastating consequences for Victor Frankenstein’s over indulgence in the journey of knowledge and the blatant interruption in the natural process of life. Fatality, Morbidity and his ultimate death provide blows of warning and concern throughout her novel. Written by Adam Cuthbertson (A)

Regarding Teslas direct to consumer expansion into China via opening PowerPoint Presentation

Regarding Teslas direct to consumer expansion into China via opening 12 new stores - PowerPoint Presentation Example We shall be using search research instruments like questionnaires which will have clearly defined questions. Other tools of collecting data to be applied include observation. All areas of the study will be defined before the collection of data. If we are successful the study will be able to copied or proven by future researchers. As well, it can be used to foretell future outcomes and investigate causal outcomes. According to University of Southern California Online Library for a research paper to be effective there are some rules that need following. For starters, the methodology must be reliable so that its results are not questioned. Secondly, it is imperative that readers be aware of how data being presented to them was gathered. This will give them confidence in knowing that the data is varied. A researcher must justify why they chose one methodology over another (libguides.usc.edu) Accepted standards of data collection must be applied if a methodology such as a questionnaire is used this is to make sure that the respondents were given ample time and space to answer. In deciding the research method it’s important to keep the end goal in mind this will help determine factors such as sample size. Problems incurred in the period of data collection must be accessed and with this the outcome of the final project

Economic Portfolio - Development economics Essay

Economic Portfolio - Development economics - Essay Example rris, director of the Microcredit Summit Campaign, reports in The State of the Microcredit Summit Campaign Report 2006 that in the autumn of 2006, 3,133 microfinance institutions served 113 million families during the previous year. While that is a laudable accomplishment, more than 500 million families that would almost certainly benefit from microcredit remain impoverished, and at least another 300 million more might benefit from it. According to our best calculations, we estimate that only one out of every eight people who could benefit from microcredit currently has access to it. As a weapon to fight poverty, microcredit is as vital as education, health, human rights, and good government and yet, as Richard Weingarten, executive secretary of the UN Capital Development Fund, says, â€Å"The demand for microfinance services remains largely unmet, especially in Africa.† Less than 1% of World Bank funding goes to microcredit. So, why does microcredit work so well in developing countries? The reason is the economies of developing countries are different from those of developed countries, often operating on a microscale, compared to the economies of the developed world. What may at first appear to tourists as a flea market when visiting a developing country is in fact the community’s version of a mega-mall where all exchanges of goods are in cash. In place of massproduced name-brands, the market sells homegrown produce, household goods in small quantities, such as single bars of soap or a few squares of toilet paper, and clothing – much of it locally produced – plus a limited assortment of small luxuries that only a few shoppers can afford. Many of the vendors work from dawn to dusk for incomes that, without a little credit, often do not meet their families’ basic needs. Every financial transaction has to be completed in cash, there are no banks or alternative sources for loans and no other access to financial services. A savings account is cash under the

Sample Management Essay Essay Example for Free

Sample Management Essay Essay The major change in an organization consists in inclination towards customization versus standardization. As competitiveness grows, more rivals want to obtain bigger market shares. This way, customization becomes a very powerful tool that attracts customers much. In such an approach, managers have to take into account not customers’ needs and wants, as they used to before, but rather they should consider each customer separately. Of course, there are organizations that have to work for every customer individually, like advertising agencies, or barber’s shops, they literary cannot provide one and the same good or service for all customers, their business would then become unprofitable. Such kinds of organizations do not count. Great example of the ones that do count would be companies that produce clothes. Nike, as well as Levi’s has changed their approach tremendously over last years. Their intrinsic life of organization has been altered by the consumers’ demand of customized tangible goods. As a result, managers’ function has also been changed and has become more customer-driven. Prominent examples of customization were evident when both of the listed above companies offered unique services for every customer. One can observe at their website that every customer can pick his own color for shoes, not choose out from the offered list, and then have his name or unique id written on the side of each shoe. Another change that most of the organizations, as well as managers, experience is the change of the organizational structure. Since the primary tasks of an organization change, as discussed above, inner structure of the company also has to be changed, and that is where managers must perform the best they can. In order to manage employees properly, the basic step they have to implement is pick the most appropriate theory of organization, the model that suits their companies the most. This is usually not an easy task because one might consider contingency theory to be the most appropriate, while actually the best model in the situation would be systems theory. Furthermore, management theorists have developed another organizational theory that a manager would be likely to choose in today’s extremely competitive business world, and that is chaos theory, which is mostly on the natural randomness and chaos, or as it is often referred to enthropy. Bibliography 1. Burke, Warner. (2002). Organization Change: Theory and Practice. SAGE publications. 2. Davidson, Jeff. (2001). The Complete Idiot’s Guide to Change Management. Alpha Books.

Macbeth :: essays research papers

A struggle is present in every tragedy, as a person tries to overcome their flaws and fit the mold of their ideal. William Shakespeare plainly defined a good man in the play "Macbeth". This goal by it's definition is a difficult one for any man to achieve. Prudence and logic, temperance and patients, as well as the vindication of honor are Shakespeare's defining characteristics of a good man.As with any well written tragedy, Macbeth's title character and hero had to fall from his place of greatness to see his faults and begin his agonizing climb back to his previous position. His position, that of a good man, was one that demanded respect in the beginning of "Macbeth". The Sergeant described Macbeth's honor and bravery to king Duncan in act I, scene 2."For brave Macbeth-well he deserves that name-Disdaining fortune, with his brandish'd steel,Which smoked with bloody execution,Like valour's minion carved out his passageTill he faced the slave;..."Macbeth defended his king's honor as well as his own, as Shakespeare showed a good man never backed down from a foe.In the later acts of the play, Shakespeare furthered the definition of a good man by portraying what a bad one was not. In Macbeth's darkest hours, he showed no sign of prudence and logic as he slayed king Duncan, and hired assassins to murder his friend Banquo. Macbeth displayed his temerity in act IV scene 1 saying,"...from this momentThe very firstlings of my heart shall beThe firstlings of my hand. And even now,To crown my thoughts with acts, be it thought and done;..."Macbeth was no longer the logical, thinking man whom many admired. He had become reckless, acting with only his passion and not his mind. The tragedy of the murders he brought on fair Scotland was a direct result of this violation of the criterion of a good man.The most apparent flaw, and perhaps the most tragic in Macbeth's character, is his lack of patients and temperance. These shortcomings haunted Macbeth, causing him to let his "overvaulting ambition" rush fate, and hasten his doom. Macbeth could not wait for an appointment to a position of more power. Instead, he murdered the king to take his place. Opting not to wait to see if Banquo would be loyal to him, Macbeth had his companion murdered. His impatience led Macbeth to listen to his wife, the witches, and his darker side. Macbeth :: essays research papers A struggle is present in every tragedy, as a person tries to overcome their flaws and fit the mold of their ideal. William Shakespeare plainly defined a good man in the play "Macbeth". This goal by it's definition is a difficult one for any man to achieve. Prudence and logic, temperance and patients, as well as the vindication of honor are Shakespeare's defining characteristics of a good man.As with any well written tragedy, Macbeth's title character and hero had to fall from his place of greatness to see his faults and begin his agonizing climb back to his previous position. His position, that of a good man, was one that demanded respect in the beginning of "Macbeth". The Sergeant described Macbeth's honor and bravery to king Duncan in act I, scene 2."For brave Macbeth-well he deserves that name-Disdaining fortune, with his brandish'd steel,Which smoked with bloody execution,Like valour's minion carved out his passageTill he faced the slave;..."Macbeth defended his king's honor as well as his own, as Shakespeare showed a good man never backed down from a foe.In the later acts of the play, Shakespeare furthered the definition of a good man by portraying what a bad one was not. In Macbeth's darkest hours, he showed no sign of prudence and logic as he slayed king Duncan, and hired assassins to murder his friend Banquo. Macbeth displayed his temerity in act IV scene 1 saying,"...from this momentThe very firstlings of my heart shall beThe firstlings of my hand. And even now,To crown my thoughts with acts, be it thought and done;..."Macbeth was no longer the logical, thinking man whom many admired. He had become reckless, acting with only his passion and not his mind. The tragedy of the murders he brought on fair Scotland was a direct result of this violation of the criterion of a good man.The most apparent flaw, and perhaps the most tragic in Macbeth's character, is his lack of patients and temperance. These shortcomings haunted Macbeth, causing him to let his "overvaulting ambition" rush fate, and hasten his doom. Macbeth could not wait for an appointment to a position of more power. Instead, he murdered the king to take his place. Opting not to wait to see if Banquo would be loyal to him, Macbeth had his companion murdered. His impatience led Macbeth to listen to his wife, the witches, and his darker side.

Athenian democracy Essay

Due to experiencing the volatile state of the Athenian government, it is not surprising that Socrates had much to say on the topic of political philosophy. Central to his political theory was his position on how citizens ought to approach ethics and politics. In the Apology, Socrates’ conduct demonstrates his belief that citizens must not be complacent when it comes to political virtue. In order to push citizens out of complacency, Socrates used a method called the â€Å"elecnhus† to prod citizens to discover the true definition of virtues (Jowett, 2009). In doing this, Socrates hoped to promote a rigorous understanding of traditional moral virtues; an understanding of what courage, justice, and wisdom, truly meant (Jowett, 2009). At first glance, it seems that Socrates is promoting the appreciation of the traditional virtues, and is therefore a conservative. On the contrary, I will argue that Socrates’ conservative rationale serves only as a diversion from his radical intentions. In defending this statement, I will first outline Socrates’ conduct and motives in the Apology. Second, I will present the argument for how this behaviour can be interpreted as being conservative using narratives from Crito and The Republic. Lastly, I will argue why this behaviour instead demonstrates that Socrates was a radical. In the Apology, Plato provides a narrative of Socrates’ defence for using the elenchus, an exhaustive questioning method, to stir the position of Athenian citizens on traditional values (Jowett, 2009). Derived from various arguments in The Apology, Crito, and The Republic, it can be found that Socrates had two motives for his conduct. The first motive stems from his notion of benefit in the spiritual realm, which is derived from his theory of virtue. He held that the best life for humans is a life of virtue, and a life of virtue entailed striving to comprehend the true essence of values (Jowett, 2009). The practice of valuing true knowledge was seen to be intrinsically good for citizens, for it adhered to the success of the human soul (Jowett, 2009). Further, Socrates held that evil in this context was the ignorance of the intrinsic worth of the traditional values, and complacency when it comes to abiding by such values (Jowett, 2009). Therefore, Socrates’ first motive for using the elenchus method to stir his fellow citizens, was so that they could abandon their ignorance and begin to obey the true nature of human life, that is a life and soul of virtue (Jowett, 2009). By doing this, citizens would adhere to the true meaning behind traditional values. The second motive stems from his notion of benefit in the worldly realm, derived from his theory on laws. When it came to justice, there were multiple versions of what acting justice entailed. For instance, according to Cephalus, it was to honour your obligation to the city (Plato, 1974, 674). For Polemarchus it was reward and punishment to those who rightfully deserved it (Plato, 1974, 676). However, the orthodox versions of justice was that it involved simply adhering to the laws (Plato, 1974, 687). While this does contribute to a just social arrangement, in that everyone performs the role appropriate to them, it does not address the matters of ethics and law. On that matter, Socrates observed that simply obeying these laws did not automatically entail that the person was acting just, this is because laws are vulnerable to being unjust (Plato, 1974, 701). This introduced a concept that there exists an essence of justice, such that â€Å"there is an essential nature of justice and injustice and what a perfectly just and perfectly unjust man would be like (Plato, 1964, 472b). Without knowledge of the essence of justice, individuals would only be acting just by coincidence, for they would not be able to determine whether their actions were just or not (Plato, 1964, 458a). Contributing to this argument, Socrates saw that laws, and everything else in the physical world, were malleable (Plato, 1974, 98, 505c). This meant that the laws were defined by whomever was in power at the time; in democracy it was the majority, and in tyranny it was the tyrant. Therefore, Socrates held that it was necessary for citizens themselves to comprehend the essence of justice so that they could avoid being slaves to those who managed to hold legal influence at the time (Plato, 1974, 98, 505c). Such that those who held legal influence may be blind towards the â€Å"good† or essence of justice (Plato, 1974, 98, 505c). Therefore, Socrates’ second motivation for using the elenchus was in order to promote the valuing of justice, and other traditional values, in hopes that Athenian citizens could identify for themselves the things which adhere to the essence of these values. Accordingly, with these two motives in mind, Socrates engaged with the citizens of Athens, invoking them to question the traditional Greek values. His mission was to give birth in them a desire to understand the true essence of values, and then to be able to recognize it in the physical world. In response to such conduct, Socrates was accused of corrupting the youth, and questioning Greek life, giving rise to the context in The Apology. From the perspective of the Athenian jury, based on his charges, it appeared that Socrates’ conduct was radical. For the second part of this essay, by using his two motives as a reference, I will now explore the various arguments for why Socrates’ was not a radical, but instead a conservative. For the purpose of this essay, I will hold that the definition of conservative means the preservation of traditional values. Based on his first motive, in order to encourage citizens to abandon their ignorance and begin to virtuously appreciate the traditional Greek value, Socrates openly admitted that he had to push citizens to challenge and question these values (Jowett, 2009). It was seen as radical because such questioning of traditional values was seen as insulting and violating these same values (Jowett, 2009). While this may be seen as radicalism, it is clear that this is not the case when Socrates’ concept of the spiritual realm and the forms are introduced. Stemming from his theory of values, Socrates believed that all traditional Greek values existed in a pure and absolute form that could only become known through reason (Jowett, 2009). Therefore, the purpose of questioning the traditional values was only in order to stimulate the realization of the true essence of these values. Socrates believed that by doing so, it was the ultimate act of respect to traditional moral values, and the first motive can thus be interpreted as conservative. However, the questioning of traditional values ultimately entailed the questioning of Athenian laws. While this also may be seen as radicalism, it is clear that this is not the case when Socrates’ distinguishes the difference between the worldly realm and the spiritual realm. Socrates believed that all traditional Greek values were embodied in a universal law within the spiritual realm, that is above the malleable Athenian law which existed in the physical realm. While Socrates respected and abided by the Athenian law, he was also critical of the nature of such laws. Socrates explains that, because these Athenian laws were malleable to the distribution of political power, these laws were vulnerable to deviation from the traditional values (Plato, 1974, 98, 505c). By promoting the questioning of Athenian laws, Socrates believed that he was preserving the traditional values in the legal system. This traces back to his previous argument, that justice is not simply obeying the law (Plato, 1974, 701). This serves to show that Socrates’ conduct which encouraged the questioning of Athenian law was not radical, but consistent with conservatism. Another piece of evidence was Socrates’ response to escaping prison, as seen in Critos. Here Socrates is offered help from his friend Critos, to escape his death sentence from the Athenian court, but declines out of his respect for the Athenian law (Gallop, 1997, 36, 45a). This is depicted when Socrates states, â€Å"I cannot now reject the very principles that I previously adopted, †¦ and I respect and honour the same ones I did before† (Gallop, 1997, 36, 46c). Further, Socrates also embraced the â€Å"obey or persuade† principle, where if a person disagrees with the law, they must systemically change it, or accept and obey it (Gallop, 1997, 40, 52a). Therefore, Socrates’ acceptance of his death sentence from the Athenian court is an ultimate submission to preserving the integrity of the justice system. Accordingly, while Socrates was deemed a radical by the Athenian courts for promoting the questioning of traditional values and Athenian law, it could be argued that he was actually a conservative who was promoting the appreciation of these values and reinforcing them in Athenian laws. This is defended by the forfeiting of his life in the name of adhering to the justice system. On the contrary, I will now argue for a different interpretation of these pieces of evidence to show that Socrates was indeed a radical who disguised his intentions under a conservative facade. Radicalism will be treated as the converse of conservativism, which will be defined as promoting political reform and deviation from traditional values. The starting point of this argument is that, while Socrates condemns disobeying the law for it is analogous to disobeying your parents, he does not say it is wrong try to change it (Gallop, 1997, 40, 52a). In alignment with radicalism, Socrates sought to be a catalyst of change change in Athens. Although Socrates claimed to be promoting the appreciation of traditional values, what he actually was doing was promoting a change in the way Athenians appreciated these values. Traditionally, these values were undertaken in order to avoid problems in the physical world (Jowett, 2009). For instance, justice was valued for its ability to maintain order and a functioning society. Socrates promulgated a different reason to pursue traditional values, that is to provide benefit in a spiritual manner (Jowett, 2009). This is reflected in his theory of the soul, where he promoted the discipline of appetite and spirit by reason (Cornford, 1974, 23, 428d). For Socrates, the purpose of disciplining the soul was was to pursue spiritual virtue. This is a deviation in the way traditional values were appreciated in Athens. Rather than moderation of courage being pursued to prevent death from arrogance or shame from cowardice, Socrates held that moderation of courage should be pursued in order to promote a virtuous soul. Therefore, it can be argued that Socrates is advocating a departure from the physical world to the spiritual world, in the attitude by which Athenians ought to engage traditional values. The effect of a departure from the way in which traditional values are engaged, is depicted in his conversation with Crito. While Socrates states that he is forfeiting his life out of respect for the Athenian law, now that we understand his position on the difference in importance between spiritual and worldly values, the message he is sending can be interpreted differently. There are two points that give rise to this new interpretation. The first is that in Socrates’ comparison of harming the soul with harming the body, he states that only the individual himself can harm his own soul (Gallop, 1997, 37, 48a). This meant that only by submitting to unvirtuous behaviour, will an individual tarnish his own soul (Gallop, 1997, 37, 47a). As a result, if Socrates were to escape prison, he would be harming his soul in order to avert physical harm. The second point is that Socrates values the preservation of the soul over the preservation of the body (Gallop, 1997, 37, 47a). This is seen when Socrates questions â€Å"are our lives worth living with a poor or corrupted body? † (Gallop, 1997, 37, 47e). Taking these two points into consideration, it is possible to interpret Socrates’ forfeiting of his life as a mockery of the Athenian legal punishment in order to adhere to his own virtues. The message he is sending is that individuals ought to pursue their interpretation of the traditional values, and in the case where they are punished for it, it will not matter because harming the body is insignificant compared to harming the soul. This is again seen in when he states that we should not fear the opinion of the majority, but should only concern ourselves with the opinion of the expert (Gallop, 1997, 37, 47a). Accordingly, while Socrates was sometimes portrayed as being conservative for promoting the appreciation of traditional values and for forfeiting his life in the name of the justice system, when his theory of the spiritual and physical realm are introduced, two points show that he is not a conservative. The first point is that he is promoting a deviation in the way traditional values are engaged. The second point is that he encourages other citizens to deviate regardless of the physical harm that may be done to them. Based on these two points, I hold that Socrates’ use of the elenchus to stir Athenians out of complacency is radical. In conclusion, Socrates’ use of the elenchus was openly accepted to be motivated by a desire to stir Athenian citizens out of complacency. The question that was the focus of this essay was whether his intentions behind this stirring was conservative, to reinforce and maintain the traditional Greek values, or radical, to stimulate a new approach to values. There was evidence which defended that Socrates was a conservative, however, it was shown that this conservative motive was only a front. Evidently, his conduct and theories suggest that Socrates was more on the side of a radical. Cornford, M. (1974). The republic. New York: Oxford University Press. Gallop, D. (1997). Crito. New York: Oxford University Press. Gallop, D. (1997). The Republic. New York: Oxford University Press. Jowett, B. (2009). Apology. Retrieved from http://classics. mit. edu/Plato/apology. html.

Parental Conflict During Divorce Children Essay

Parental Conflict during Divorce Are children the victims of divorce? The number of marriages that end in divorce are increasing. This is leading to more children being vulnerable to the effects of high levels of parental hostility and conflict. Anxiety, acting out, depression, academic problems, defiance towards authority, difficulty maintaining friendships, poorer parent-child relationships, are some of the adjustment symptoms children are being forced into coping with, due to their parent’s behavior. Children don’t just witness conflict and hostility between their parents. Children are often unwittingly put in the middle of the conflict. They don’t know what to do or what to think. Their secure world around them as they know it, is changing. The levels of conflict and hostility continue to rise, but the parents are often too self-involved in their own crisis and bickering to put their child first, or to notice their child struggling. It is a devastating situat ion for children to be in. Without the involvement of courts and community groups this unresolved issue will continue to grow. High levels of parental conflict and hostility during a divorce directly impacts the adjustment of children involved and may have long term adverse effects. The family unit as a whole is affected by divorce. Children are suffering and struggling to adjust, due to high levels of parental conflict and hostility. 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